util-linux/mount.c

/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
/*
 * Mini mount implementation for busybox
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 by Bruce Perens <bruce@pixar.com>.
 * Copyright (C) 1999-2004 by Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2005-2006 by Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
 *
 * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
 */

/* todo:
 * bb_getopt_ulflags();
 */

/* Design notes: There is no spec for mount.  Remind me to write one.

   mount_main() calls singlemount() which calls mount_it_now().

   mount_main() can loop through /etc/fstab for mount -a
   singlemount() can loop through /etc/filesystems for fstype detection.
   mount_it_now() does the actual mount.
*/

#include "busybox.h"
#include <mntent.h>

// Not real flags, but we want to be able to check for this.
#define MOUNT_NOAUTO    (1<<29)
#define MOUNT_SWAP      (1<<30)

/* Standard mount options (from -o options or --options), with corresponding
 * flags */

struct {
	char *name;
	long flags;
} static mount_options[] = {
	// MS_FLAGS set a bit.  ~MS_FLAGS disable that bit.  0 flags are NOPs.

	USE_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP(
		{"loop", 0},
	)

	USE_FEATURE_MOUNT_FSTAB(
		{"defaults", 0},
		{"quiet", 0},
		{"noauto",MOUNT_NOAUTO},
		{"swap",MOUNT_SWAP},
	)

	USE_FEATURE_MOUNT_FLAGS(
		// vfs flags
		{"nosuid", MS_NOSUID},
		{"suid", ~MS_NOSUID},
		{"dev", ~MS_NODEV},
		{"nodev", MS_NODEV},
		{"exec", ~MS_NOEXEC},
		{"noexec", MS_NOEXEC},
		{"sync", MS_SYNCHRONOUS},
		{"async", ~MS_SYNCHRONOUS},
		{"atime", ~MS_NOATIME},
		{"noatime", MS_NOATIME},
		{"diratime", ~MS_NODIRATIME},
		{"nodiratime", MS_NODIRATIME},
		{"loud", ~MS_SILENT},

		// action flags

		{"bind", MS_BIND},
		{"move", MS_MOVE},
		{"shared", MS_SHARED},
		{"slave", MS_SLAVE},
		{"private", MS_PRIVATE},
		{"unbindable", MS_UNBINDABLE},
		{"rshared", MS_SHARED|MS_RECURSIVE},
		{"rslave", MS_SLAVE|MS_RECURSIVE},
		{"rprivate", MS_SLAVE|MS_RECURSIVE},
		{"runbindable", MS_UNBINDABLE|MS_RECURSIVE},
	)

	// Always understood.

	{"ro", MS_RDONLY},        // vfs flag
	{"rw", ~MS_RDONLY},       // vfs flag
	{"remount", MS_REMOUNT},  // action flag


};

/* Append mount options to string */
static void append_mount_options(char **oldopts, char *newopts)
{
	if(*oldopts && **oldopts) {
		char *temp = xasprintf("%s,%s",*oldopts,newopts);
		free(*oldopts);
		*oldopts = temp;
	} else {
		if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) free(*oldopts);
		*oldopts = xstrdup(newopts);
	}
}

/* Use the mount_options list to parse options into flags.
 * Also return list of unrecognized options if unrecognized!=NULL */
static int parse_mount_options(char *options, char **unrecognized)
{
	int flags = MS_SILENT;

	// Loop through options
	for (;;) {
		int i;
		char *comma = strchr(options, ',');

		if (comma) *comma = 0;

		// Find this option in mount_options
		for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(mount_options) / sizeof(*mount_options)); i++) {
			if (!strcasecmp(mount_options[i].name, options)) {
				long fl = mount_options[i].flags;
				if(fl < 0) flags &= fl;
				else flags |= fl;
				break;
			}
		}
		// If unrecognized not NULL, append unrecognized mount options */
		if (unrecognized
				&& i == (sizeof(mount_options) / sizeof(*mount_options)))
		{
			// Add it to strflags, to pass on to kernel
			i = *unrecognized ? strlen(*unrecognized) : 0;
			*unrecognized = xrealloc(*unrecognized, i+strlen(options)+2);

			// Comma separated if it's not the first one
			if (i) (*unrecognized)[i++] = ',';
			strcpy((*unrecognized)+i, options);
		}

		// Advance to next option, or finish
		if(comma) {
			*comma = ',';
			options = ++comma;
		} else break;
	}

	return flags;
}

// Return a list of all block device backed filesystems

static llist_t *get_block_backed_filesystems(void)
{
	char *fs, *buf,
		 *filesystems[] = {"/etc/filesystems", "/proc/filesystems", 0};
	llist_t *list = 0;
	int i;
	FILE *f;

	for(i = 0; filesystems[i]; i++) {
		if(!(f = fopen(filesystems[i], "r"))) continue;

		for(fs = buf = 0; (fs = buf = bb_get_chomped_line_from_file(f));
			free(buf))
		{
			if(!strncmp(buf,"nodev",5) && isspace(buf[5])) continue;

			while(isspace(*fs)) fs++;
			if(*fs=='#' || *fs=='*') continue;
			if(!*fs) continue;

			llist_add_to_end(&list,xstrdup(fs));
		}
		if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) fclose(f);
	}

	return list;
}

llist_t *fslist = 0;

#if ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP
static void delete_block_backed_filesystems(void)
{
	llist_free(fslist, free);
}
#else
void delete_block_backed_filesystems(void);
#endif

#if ENABLE_FEATURE_MTAB_SUPPORT
static int useMtab = 1;
static int fakeIt;
#else
#define useMtab 0
#define fakeIt 0
#endif

// Perform actual mount of specific filesystem at specific location.
int mount_it_now(struct mntent *mp, int vfsflags, char *filteropts)
{
	int rc;

	if (fakeIt) { return 0; }

	// Mount, with fallback to read-only if necessary.

	for(;;) {
		rc = mount(mp->mnt_fsname, mp->mnt_dir, mp->mnt_type,
				vfsflags, filteropts);
		if(!rc || (vfsflags&MS_RDONLY) || (errno!=EACCES && errno!=EROFS))
			break;
		bb_error_msg("%s is write-protected, mounting read-only",
				mp->mnt_fsname);
		vfsflags |= MS_RDONLY;
	}

	// Abort entirely if permission denied.

	if (rc && errno == EPERM)
		bb_error_msg_and_die(bb_msg_perm_denied_are_you_root);

	/* If the mount was successful, and we're maintaining an old-style
	 * mtab file by hand, add the new entry to it now. */

	if(ENABLE_FEATURE_MTAB_SUPPORT && useMtab && !rc) {
		char dirbuf[PATH_MAX];
		char srcbuf[PATH_MAX];
		FILE *mountTable = setmntent(bb_path_mtab_file, "a+");
		int i;

		if(!mountTable)
			bb_error_msg("no %s",bb_path_mtab_file);

		// Add vfs string flags

		for(i=0; mount_options[i].flags != MS_REMOUNT; i++)
			if (mount_options[i].flags > 0 && (mount_options[i].flags&vfsflags))
				append_mount_options(&(mp->mnt_opts), mount_options[i].name);

		// Remove trailing / (if any) from directory we mounted on

		i = strlen(mp->mnt_dir) - 1;
		if(i > 0 && mp->mnt_dir[i] == '/') mp->mnt_dir[i] = 0;

		// Add full pathnames as needed

		if (mp->mnt_dir[0] != '/') {
			getcwd(dirbuf, sizeof(dirbuf));
			i = strlen(dirbuf);
			/* strcat() would be unsafe here */
			snprintf(dirbuf+i, sizeof(dirbuf)-i, "/%s", mp->mnt_dir);
			mp->mnt_dir = dirbuf;
		}
		if (!mp->mnt_type || !*mp->mnt_type) { /* bind mount */
			if (mp->mnt_fsname[0] != '/') {
				getcwd(srcbuf, sizeof(srcbuf));
				i = strlen(srcbuf);
				snprintf(srcbuf+i, sizeof(srcbuf)-i, "/%s",
						mp->mnt_fsname);
				mp->mnt_fsname = srcbuf;
			}
			mp->mnt_type = "none";
			mp->mnt_freq = mp->mnt_passno = 0;
		}

		// Write and close.

		addmntent(mountTable, mp);
		endmntent(mountTable);
	}

	return rc;
}

// Mount one directory.  Handles CIFS, NFS, loopback, autobind, and filesystem
// type detection.  Returns 0 for success, nonzero for failure.

static int singlemount(struct mntent *mp, int ignore_busy)
{
	int rc = -1, vfsflags;
	char *loopFile = 0, *filteropts = 0;
	llist_t *fl = 0;
	struct stat st;

	vfsflags = parse_mount_options(mp->mnt_opts, &filteropts);

	// Treat fstype "auto" as unspecified.

	if (mp->mnt_type && !strcmp(mp->mnt_type,"auto")) mp->mnt_type = 0;

	// Might this be an CIFS filesystem?

	if(ENABLE_FEATURE_MOUNT_CIFS &&
		(!mp->mnt_type || !strcmp(mp->mnt_type,"cifs")) &&
		(mp->mnt_fsname[0]==mp->mnt_fsname[1] && (mp->mnt_fsname[0]=='/' || mp->mnt_fsname[0]=='\\')))
	{
		struct hostent *he;
		char ip[32], *s;

		rc = 1;
		// Replace '/' with '\' and verify that unc points to "//server/share".

		for (s = mp->mnt_fsname; *s; ++s)
			if (*s == '/') *s = '\\';

		// get server IP

		s = strrchr(mp->mnt_fsname, '\\');
		if (s == mp->mnt_fsname+1) goto report_error;
		*s = 0;
	   	he = gethostbyname(mp->mnt_fsname+2);
		*s = '\\';
		if (!he) goto report_error;

		// Insert ip=... option into string flags.  (NOTE: Add IPv6 support.)

		sprintf(ip, "ip=%d.%d.%d.%d", he->h_addr[0], he->h_addr[1],
				he->h_addr[2], he->h_addr[3]);
		parse_mount_options(ip, &filteropts);

		// compose new unc '\\server-ip\share'

		s = xasprintf("\\\\%s%s",ip+3,strchr(mp->mnt_fsname+2,'\\'));
		if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) free(mp->mnt_fsname);
		mp->mnt_fsname = s;

		// lock is required
		vfsflags |= MS_MANDLOCK;

		mp->mnt_type = "cifs";
		rc = mount_it_now(mp, vfsflags, filteropts);
		goto report_error;
	}

	// Might this be an NFS filesystem?

	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_MOUNT_NFS &&
		(!mp->mnt_type || !strcmp(mp->mnt_type,"nfs")) &&
		strchr(mp->mnt_fsname, ':') != NULL)
	{
		rc = nfsmount(mp, vfsflags, filteropts);
		goto report_error;
	}

	// Look at the file.  (Not found isn't a failure for remount, or for
	// a synthetic filesystem like proc or sysfs.)

	if (!lstat(mp->mnt_fsname, &st) && !(vfsflags & (MS_REMOUNT | MS_BIND | MS_MOVE)))
	{
		// Do we need to allocate a loopback device for it?

		if (ENABLE_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
			loopFile = bb_simplify_path(mp->mnt_fsname);
			mp->mnt_fsname = 0;
			switch(set_loop(&(mp->mnt_fsname), loopFile, 0)) {
				case 0:
				case 1:
					break;
				default:
					bb_error_msg( errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES
						? bb_msg_perm_denied_are_you_root
						: "cannot setup loop device");
					return errno;
			}

		// Autodetect bind mounts

		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !mp->mnt_type)
			vfsflags |= MS_BIND;
	}

	/* If we know the fstype (or don't need to), jump straight
	 * to the actual mount. */

	if (mp->mnt_type || (vfsflags & (MS_REMOUNT | MS_BIND | MS_MOVE)))
		rc = mount_it_now(mp, vfsflags, filteropts);

	// Loop through filesystem types until mount succeeds or we run out

	else {

		/* Initialize list of block backed filesystems.  This has to be
		 * done here so that during "mount -a", mounts after /proc shows up
		 * can autodetect. */

		if (!fslist) {
			fslist = get_block_backed_filesystems();
			if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP && fslist)
				atexit(delete_block_backed_filesystems);
		}

		for (fl = fslist; fl; fl = fl->link) {
			mp->mnt_type = fl->data;

			if (!(rc = mount_it_now(mp,vfsflags, filteropts))) break;

			mp->mnt_type = 0;
		}
	}

	// If mount failed, clean up loop file (if any).

	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP && rc && loopFile) {
		del_loop(mp->mnt_fsname);
		if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) {
			free(loopFile);
			free(mp->mnt_fsname);
		}
	}

report_error:
	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) free(filteropts);

	if (rc && errno == EBUSY && ignore_busy) rc = 0;
	if (rc < 0)
		/* perror here sometimes says "mounting ... on ... failed: Success" */
		bb_error_msg("mounting %s on %s failed", mp->mnt_fsname, mp->mnt_dir);

	return rc;
}

// Parse options, if necessary parse fstab/mtab, and call singlemount for
// each directory to be mounted.

int mount_main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char *cmdopts = xstrdup(""), *fstabname, *fstype=0, *storage_path=0;
	FILE *fstab;
	int i, opt, all = FALSE, rc = 0;
	struct mntent mtpair[2], *mtcur = mtpair;

	/* parse long options, like --bind and --move.  Note that -o option
	 * and --option are synonymous.  Yes, this means --remount,rw works. */

	for (i = opt = 0; i < argc; i++) {
		if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == '-') {
			append_mount_options(&cmdopts,argv[i]+2);
		} else argv[opt++] = argv[i];
	}
	argc = opt;

	// Parse remaining options

	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "o:t:rwavnf")) > 0) {
		switch (opt) {
			case 'o':
				append_mount_options(&cmdopts, optarg);
				break;
			case 't':
				fstype = optarg;
				break;
			case 'r':
				append_mount_options(&cmdopts, "ro");
				break;
			case 'w':
				append_mount_options(&cmdopts, "rw");
				break;
			case 'a':
				all = TRUE;
				break;
			case 'n':
				USE_FEATURE_MTAB_SUPPORT(useMtab = FALSE;)
				break;
			case 'f':
				USE_FEATURE_MTAB_SUPPORT(fakeIt = FALSE;)
				break;
			case 'v':
				break;		// ignore -v
			default:
				bb_show_usage();
		}
	}

	// Three or more non-option arguments?  Die with a usage message.

	if (optind-argc>2) bb_show_usage();

	// If we have no arguments, show currently mounted filesystems

	if (optind == argc) {
		if (!all) {
			FILE *mountTable = setmntent(bb_path_mtab_file, "r");

			if(!mountTable) bb_error_msg_and_die("no %s",bb_path_mtab_file);

			while (getmntent_r(mountTable,mtpair,bb_common_bufsiz1,
								sizeof(bb_common_bufsiz1)))
			{
				// Don't show rootfs.
				if (!strcmp(mtpair->mnt_fsname, "rootfs")) continue;

				if (!fstype || !strcmp(mtpair->mnt_type, fstype))
					printf("%s on %s type %s (%s)\n", mtpair->mnt_fsname,
							mtpair->mnt_dir, mtpair->mnt_type,
							mtpair->mnt_opts);
			}
			if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) endmntent(mountTable);
			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
		}
	} else storage_path = bb_simplify_path(argv[optind]);

	// When we have two arguments, the second is the directory and we can
	// skip looking at fstab entirely.  We can always abspath() the directory
	// argument when we get it.

	if (optind+2 == argc) {
		mtpair->mnt_fsname = argv[optind];
		mtpair->mnt_dir = argv[optind+1];
		mtpair->mnt_type = fstype;
		mtpair->mnt_opts = cmdopts;
		rc = singlemount(mtpair, 0);
		goto clean_up;
	}

	// If we have a shared subtree flag, don't worry about fstab or mtab.
	i = parse_mount_options(cmdopts,0);
	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_MOUNT_FLAGS &&
			(i & (MS_SHARED | MS_PRIVATE | MS_SLAVE | MS_UNBINDABLE )))
	{
		rc = mount("", argv[optind], "", i, "");
		if (rc) bb_perror_msg_and_die("%s", argv[optind]);
		goto clean_up;
	}
	
	// Open either fstab or mtab

	if (parse_mount_options(cmdopts,0) & MS_REMOUNT)
		fstabname = bb_path_mtab_file;
	else fstabname="/etc/fstab";

	if (!(fstab=setmntent(fstabname,"r")))
		bb_perror_msg_and_die("cannot read %s",fstabname);

	// Loop through entries until we find what we're looking for.

	memset(mtpair,0,sizeof(mtpair));
	for (;;) {
		struct mntent *mtnext = mtpair + (mtcur==mtpair ? 1 : 0);

		// Get next fstab entry

		if (!getmntent_r(fstab, mtcur, bb_common_bufsiz1
					+ (mtcur==mtpair ? sizeof(bb_common_bufsiz1)/2 : 0),
				sizeof(bb_common_bufsiz1)/2))
		{
			// Were we looking for something specific?

			if (optind != argc) {

				// If we didn't find anything, complain.

				if (!mtnext->mnt_fsname)
					bb_error_msg_and_die("can't find %s in %s",
						argv[optind], fstabname);

				// Mount the last thing we found.

				mtcur = mtnext;
				mtcur->mnt_opts = xstrdup(mtcur->mnt_opts);
				append_mount_options(&(mtcur->mnt_opts),cmdopts);
				rc = singlemount(mtcur, 0);
				free(mtcur->mnt_opts);
			}
			goto clean_up;
		}

		/* If we're trying to mount something specific and this isn't it,
		 * skip it.  Note we must match both the exact text in fstab (ala
		 * "proc") or a full path from root */

		if (optind != argc) {

			// Is this what we're looking for?

			if(strcmp(argv[optind],mtcur->mnt_fsname) &&
			   strcmp(storage_path,mtcur->mnt_fsname) &&
			   strcmp(argv[optind],mtcur->mnt_dir) &&
			   strcmp(storage_path,mtcur->mnt_dir)) continue;

			// Remember this entry.  Something later may have overmounted
			// it, and we want the _last_ match.

			mtcur = mtnext;

		// If we're mounting all.

		} else {

			// Do we need to match a filesystem type?
			if (fstype && strcmp(mtcur->mnt_type,fstype)) continue;

			// Skip noauto and swap anyway.

			if (parse_mount_options(mtcur->mnt_opts,0)
				& (MOUNT_NOAUTO | MOUNT_SWAP)) continue;

			// Mount this thing.

			if (singlemount(mtcur, 1)) {
				/* Count number of failed mounts */
				rc++;
			}
		}
	}
	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) endmntent(fstab);

clean_up:

	if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) {
		free(storage_path);
		free(cmdopts);
	}

	return rc;
}