coreutils/printf.c

/* printf - format and print data
   Copyright (C) 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
   Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */

/* Usage: printf format [argument...]

   A front end to the printf function that lets it be used from the shell.

   Backslash escapes:

   \" = double quote
   \\ = backslash
   \a = alert (bell)
   \b = backspace
   \c = produce no further output
   \f = form feed
   \n = new line
   \r = carriage return
   \t = horizontal tab
   \v = vertical tab
   \0ooo = octal number (ooo is 0 to 3 digits)
   \xhhh = hexadecimal number (hhh is 1 to 3 digits)

   Additional directive:

   %b = print an argument string, interpreting backslash escapes

   The `format' argument is re-used as many times as necessary
   to convert all of the given arguments.

   David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
   

//   19990508 Busy Boxed! Dave Cinege

#include "internal.h"
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <libintl.h>


#ifndef S_IFMT
# define S_IFMT 0170000
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISBLK) && defined(S_IFBLK)
# define	S_ISBLK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFBLK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISCHR) && defined(S_IFCHR)
# define	S_ISCHR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFCHR)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISDIR) && defined(S_IFDIR)
# define	S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISREG) && defined(S_IFREG)
# define	S_ISREG(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISFIFO) && defined(S_IFIFO)
# define	S_ISFIFO(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFIFO)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISLNK) && defined(S_IFLNK)
# define	S_ISLNK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISSOCK) && defined(S_IFSOCK)
# define	S_ISSOCK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFSOCK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISMPB) && defined(S_IFMPB) /* V7 */
# define S_ISMPB(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFMPB)
# define S_ISMPC(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFMPC)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISNWK) && defined(S_IFNWK) /* HP/UX */
# define S_ISNWK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFNWK)
#endif

#define IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN(c) 1

#ifdef isblank
# define ISBLANK(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isblank (c))
#else
# define ISBLANK(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
#endif
#ifdef isgraph
# define ISGRAPH(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isgraph (c))
#else
# define ISGRAPH(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isprint (c) && !isspace (c))
#endif

#define ISPRINT(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isprint (c))
#define ISALNUM(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isalnum (c))
#define ISALPHA(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isalpha (c))
#define ISCNTRL(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && iscntrl (c))
#define ISLOWER(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && islower (c))
#define ISPUNCT(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && ispunct (c))
#define ISSPACE(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isspace (c))
#define ISUPPER(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isupper (c))
#define ISXDIGIT(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isxdigit (c))
#define ISDIGIT_LOCALE(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isdigit (c))
#define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned) (c) - '0' <= 9)

#define isodigit(c) ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '7')
#define hextobin(c) ((c)>='a'&&(c)<='f' ? (c)-'a'+10 : (c)>='A'&&(c)<='F' ? (c)-'A'+10 : (c)-'0')
#define octtobin(c) ((c) - '0')

char *xmalloc ();

static double xstrtod __P ((char *s));
static int print_esc __P ((char *escstart));
static int print_formatted __P ((char *format, int argc, char **argv));
static long xstrtol __P ((char *s));
static unsigned long xstrtoul __P ((char *s));
static void print_direc __P ((char *start, size_t length, int field_width, int precision, char *argument));
static void print_esc_char __P ((int c));
static void print_esc_string __P ((char *str));
static void verify __P ((char *s, char *end));

/* The value to return to the calling program.  */
static int exit_status;

const char	printf_usage[] = "printf format [argument...]\n";

int
printf_main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  char *format;
  int args_used;

  exit_status = 0;
  if ( **(argv+1) == '-' ) {
    usage (printf_usage);
  }

  format = argv[1];
  argc -= 2;
  argv += 2;

  do
    {
      args_used = print_formatted (format, argc, argv);
      argc -= args_used;
      argv += args_used;
    }
  while (args_used > 0 && argc > 0);

/*
  if (argc > 0)
    fprintf(stderr, "excess args ignored");
*/

  exit (exit_status);
}

/* Print the text in FORMAT, using ARGV (with ARGC elements) for
   arguments to any `%' directives.
   Return the number of elements of ARGV used.  */

static int
print_formatted (char *format, int argc, char **argv)
{
  int save_argc = argc;		/* Preserve original value.  */
  char *f;			/* Pointer into `format'.  */
  char *direc_start;		/* Start of % directive.  */
  size_t direc_length;		/* Length of % directive.  */
  int field_width;		/* Arg to first '*', or -1 if none.  */
  int precision;		/* Arg to second '*', or -1 if none.  */

  for (f = format; *f; ++f)
    {
      switch (*f)
	{
	case '%':
	  direc_start = f++;
	  direc_length = 1;
	  field_width = precision = -1;
	  if (*f == '%')
	    {
	      putchar ('%');
	      break;
	    }
	  if (*f == 'b')
	    {
	      if (argc > 0)
		{
		  print_esc_string (*argv);
		  ++argv;
		  --argc;
		}
	      break;
	    }
	  if (strchr ("-+ #", *f))
	    {
	      ++f;
	      ++direc_length;
	    }
	  if (*f == '*')
	    {
	      ++f;
	      ++direc_length;
	      if (argc > 0)
		{
		  field_width = xstrtoul (*argv);
		  ++argv;
		  --argc;
		}
	      else
		field_width = 0;
	    }
	  else
	    while (ISDIGIT (*f))
	      {
		++f;
		++direc_length;
	      }
	  if (*f == '.')
	    {
	      ++f;
	      ++direc_length;
	      if (*f == '*')
		{
		  ++f;
		  ++direc_length;
		  if (argc > 0)
		    {
		      precision = xstrtoul (*argv);
		      ++argv;
		      --argc;
		    }
		  else
		    precision = 0;
		}
	      else
		while (ISDIGIT (*f))
		  {
		    ++f;
		    ++direc_length;
		  }
	    }
	  if (*f == 'l' || *f == 'L' || *f == 'h')
	    {
	      ++f;
	      ++direc_length;
	    }
	  /*  
	  if (!strchr ("diouxXfeEgGcs", *f))
	    fprintf(stderr, "%%%c: invalid directive", *f);
	  */
	  ++direc_length;
	  if (argc > 0)
	    {
	      print_direc (direc_start, direc_length, field_width,
			   precision, *argv);
	      ++argv;
	      --argc;
	    }
	  else
	    print_direc (direc_start, direc_length, field_width,
			 precision, "");
	  break;

	case '\\':
	  f += print_esc (f);
	  break;

	default:
	  putchar (*f);
	}
    }

  return save_argc - argc;
}

/* Print a \ escape sequence starting at ESCSTART.
   Return the number of characters in the escape sequence
   besides the backslash. */

static int
print_esc (char *escstart)
{
  register char *p = escstart + 1;
  int esc_value = 0;		/* Value of \nnn escape. */
  int esc_length;		/* Length of \nnn escape. */

  /* \0ooo and \xhhh escapes have maximum length of 3 chars. */
  if (*p == 'x')
    {
      for (esc_length = 0, ++p;
	   esc_length < 3 && ISXDIGIT (*p);
	   ++esc_length, ++p)
	esc_value = esc_value * 16 + hextobin (*p);
/*      if (esc_length == 0)
	fprintf(stderr, "missing hex in esc");
*/
      putchar (esc_value);
    }
  else if (*p == '0')
    {
      for (esc_length = 0, ++p;
	   esc_length < 3 && isodigit (*p);
	   ++esc_length, ++p)
	esc_value = esc_value * 8 + octtobin (*p);
      putchar (esc_value);
    }
  else if (strchr ("\"\\abcfnrtv", *p))
    print_esc_char (*p++);
/*  else
    fprintf(stderr, "\\%c: invalid esc", *p);
*/
  return p - escstart - 1;
}

/* Output a single-character \ escape.  */

static void
print_esc_char (int c)
{
  switch (c)
    {
    case 'a':			/* Alert. */
      putchar (7);
      break;
    case 'b':			/* Backspace. */
      putchar (8);
      break;
    case 'c':			/* Cancel the rest of the output. */
      exit (0);
      break;
    case 'f':			/* Form feed. */
      putchar (12);
      break;
    case 'n':			/* New line. */
      putchar (10);
      break;
    case 'r':			/* Carriage return. */
      putchar (13);
      break;
    case 't':			/* Horizontal tab. */
      putchar (9);
      break;
    case 'v':			/* Vertical tab. */
      putchar (11);
      break;
    default:
      putchar (c);
      break;
    }
}

/* Print string STR, evaluating \ escapes. */

static void
print_esc_string (char *str)
{
  for (; *str; str++)
    if (*str == '\\')
      str += print_esc (str);
    else
      putchar (*str);
}

static void
print_direc (char *start, size_t length, int field_width, int precision, char *argument)
{
  char *p;		/* Null-terminated copy of % directive. */

  p = xmalloc ((unsigned) (length + 1));
  strncpy (p, start, length);
  p[length] = 0;

  switch (p[length - 1])
    {
    case 'd':
    case 'i':
      if (field_width < 0)
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, xstrtol (argument));
	  else
	    printf (p, precision, xstrtol (argument));
	}
      else
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, field_width, xstrtol (argument));
	  else
	    printf (p, field_width, precision, xstrtol (argument));
	}
      break;

    case 'o':
    case 'u':
    case 'x':
    case 'X':
      if (field_width < 0)
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, xstrtoul (argument));
	  else
	    printf (p, precision, xstrtoul (argument));
	}
      else
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, field_width, xstrtoul (argument));
	  else
	    printf (p, field_width, precision, xstrtoul (argument));
	}
      break;

    case 'f':
    case 'e':
    case 'E':
    case 'g':
    case 'G':
      if (field_width < 0)
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, xstrtod (argument));
	  else
	    printf (p, precision, xstrtod (argument));
	}
      else
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, field_width, xstrtod (argument));
	  else
	    printf (p, field_width, precision, xstrtod (argument));
	}
      break;

    case 'c':
      printf (p, *argument);
      break;

    case 's':
      if (field_width < 0)
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, argument);
	  else
	    printf (p, precision, argument);
	}
      else
	{
	  if (precision < 0)
	    printf (p, field_width, argument);
	  else
	    printf (p, field_width, precision, argument);
	}
      break;
    }

  free (p);
}

static unsigned long
xstrtoul (char *s)
{
  char *end;
  unsigned long val;

  errno = 0;
  val = strtoul (s, &end, 0);
  verify (s, end);
  return val;
}

static long
xstrtol (char *s)
{
  char *end;
  long val;

  errno = 0;
  val = strtol (s, &end, 0);
  verify (s, end);
  return val;
}

static double
xstrtod (char *s)
{
  char *end;
  double val;

  errno = 0;
  val = strtod (s, &end);
  verify (s, end);
  return val;
}

static void
verify (char *s, char *end)
{
  if (errno)
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "%s", s);
      exit_status = 1;
    }
  else if (*end)
    {
    /*
      if (s == end)
	fprintf(stderr, "%s: expected numeric", s);
      else
	fprintf(stderr, "%s: not completely converted", s);
    */	
      exit_status = 1;
    }
}