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Change-Id: I8a9ee2aea93cd29c52c847d0ce33091a73ae6afe
diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt b/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt
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+CONFIG_RCU_TRACE debugfs Files and Formats
+
+
+The rcutree and rcutiny implementations of RCU provide debugfs trace
+output that summarizes counters and state. This information is useful for
+debugging RCU itself, and can sometimes also help to debug abuses of RCU.
+The following sections describe the debugfs files and formats, first
+for rcutree and next for rcutiny.
+
+
+CONFIG_TREE_RCU and CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU debugfs Files and Formats
+
+These implementations of RCU provide several debugfs directories under the
+top-level directory "rcu":
+
+rcu/rcu_bh
+rcu/rcu_preempt
+rcu/rcu_sched
+
+Each directory contains files for the corresponding flavor of RCU.
+Note that rcu/rcu_preempt is only present for CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU.
+For CONFIG_TREE_RCU, the RCU flavor maps onto the RCU-sched flavor,
+so that activity for both appears in rcu/rcu_sched.
+
+In addition, the following file appears in the top-level directory:
+rcu/rcutorture. This file displays rcutorture test progress. The output
+of "cat rcu/rcutorture" looks as follows:
+
+rcutorture test sequence: 0 (test in progress)
+rcutorture update version number: 615
+
+The first line shows the number of rcutorture tests that have completed
+since boot. If a test is currently running, the "(test in progress)"
+string will appear as shown above. The second line shows the number of
+update cycles that the current test has started, or zero if there is
+no test in progress.
+
+
+Within each flavor directory (rcu/rcu_bh, rcu/rcu_sched, and possibly
+also rcu/rcu_preempt) the following files will be present:
+
+rcudata:
+ Displays fields in struct rcu_data.
+rcuexp:
+ Displays statistics for expedited grace periods.
+rcugp:
+ Displays grace-period counters.
+rcuhier:
+ Displays the struct rcu_node hierarchy.
+rcu_pending:
+ Displays counts of the reasons rcu_pending() decided that RCU had
+ work to do.
+rcuboost:
+ Displays RCU boosting statistics. Only present if
+ CONFIG_RCU_BOOST=y.
+
+The output of "cat rcu/rcu_preempt/rcudata" looks as follows:
+
+ 0!c=30455 g=30456 cnq=1/0:1 dt=126535/140000000000000/0 df=2002 of=4 ql=0/0 qs=N... b=10 ci=74572 nci=0 co=1131 ca=716
+ 1!c=30719 g=30720 cnq=1/0:0 dt=132007/140000000000000/0 df=1874 of=10 ql=0/0 qs=N... b=10 ci=123209 nci=0 co=685 ca=982
+ 2!c=30150 g=30151 cnq=1/1:1 dt=138537/140000000000000/0 df=1707 of=8 ql=0/0 qs=N... b=10 ci=80132 nci=0 co=1328 ca=1458
+ 3 c=31249 g=31250 cnq=1/1:0 dt=107255/140000000000000/0 df=1749 of=6 ql=0/450 qs=NRW. b=10 ci=151700 nci=0 co=509 ca=622
+ 4!c=29502 g=29503 cnq=1/0:1 dt=83647/140000000000000/0 df=965 of=5 ql=0/0 qs=N... b=10 ci=65643 nci=0 co=1373 ca=1521
+ 5 c=31201 g=31202 cnq=1/0:1 dt=70422/0/0 df=535 of=7 ql=0/0 qs=.... b=10 ci=58500 nci=0 co=764 ca=698
+ 6!c=30253 g=30254 cnq=1/0:1 dt=95363/140000000000000/0 df=780 of=5 ql=0/0 qs=N... b=10 ci=100607 nci=0 co=1414 ca=1353
+ 7 c=31178 g=31178 cnq=1/0:0 dt=91536/0/0 df=547 of=4 ql=0/0 qs=.... b=10 ci=109819 nci=0 co=1115 ca=969
+
+This file has one line per CPU, or eight for this 8-CPU system.
+The fields are as follows:
+
+o The number at the beginning of each line is the CPU number.
+ CPUs numbers followed by an exclamation mark are offline,
+ but have been online at least once since boot. There will be
+ no output for CPUs that have never been online, which can be
+ a good thing in the surprisingly common case where NR_CPUS is
+ substantially larger than the number of actual CPUs.
+
+o "c" is the count of grace periods that this CPU believes have
+ completed. Offlined CPUs and CPUs in dynticks idle mode may lag
+ quite a ways behind, for example, CPU 4 under "rcu_sched" above,
+ which has been offline through 16 RCU grace periods. It is not
+ unusual to see offline CPUs lagging by thousands of grace periods.
+ Note that although the grace-period number is an unsigned long,
+ it is printed out as a signed long to allow more human-friendly
+ representation near boot time.
+
+o "g" is the count of grace periods that this CPU believes have
+ started. Again, offlined CPUs and CPUs in dynticks idle mode
+ may lag behind. If the "c" and "g" values are equal, this CPU
+ has already reported a quiescent state for the last RCU grace
+ period that it is aware of, otherwise, the CPU believes that it
+ owes RCU a quiescent state.
+
+o "pq" indicates that this CPU has passed through a quiescent state
+ for the current grace period. It is possible for "pq" to be
+ "1" and "c" different than "g", which indicates that although
+ the CPU has passed through a quiescent state, either (1) this
+ CPU has not yet reported that fact, (2) some other CPU has not
+ yet reported for this grace period, or (3) both.
+
+o "qp" indicates that RCU still expects a quiescent state from
+ this CPU. Offlined CPUs and CPUs in dyntick idle mode might
+ well have qp=1, which is OK: RCU is still ignoring them.
+
+o "dt" is the current value of the dyntick counter that is incremented
+ when entering or leaving idle, either due to a context switch or
+ due to an interrupt. This number is even if the CPU is in idle
+ from RCU's viewpoint and odd otherwise. The number after the
+ first "/" is the interrupt nesting depth when in idle state,
+ or a large number added to the interrupt-nesting depth when
+ running a non-idle task. Some architectures do not accurately
+ count interrupt nesting when running in non-idle kernel context,
+ which can result in interesting anomalies such as negative
+ interrupt-nesting levels. The number after the second "/"
+ is the NMI nesting depth.
+
+o "df" is the number of times that some other CPU has forced a
+ quiescent state on behalf of this CPU due to this CPU being in
+ idle state.
+
+o "of" is the number of times that some other CPU has forced a
+ quiescent state on behalf of this CPU due to this CPU being
+ offline. In a perfect world, this might never happen, but it
+ turns out that offlining and onlining a CPU can take several grace
+ periods, and so there is likely to be an extended period of time
+ when RCU believes that the CPU is online when it really is not.
+ Please note that erring in the other direction (RCU believing a
+ CPU is offline when it is really alive and kicking) is a fatal
+ error, so it makes sense to err conservatively.
+
+o "ql" is the number of RCU callbacks currently residing on
+ this CPU. The first number is the number of "lazy" callbacks
+ that are known to RCU to only be freeing memory, and the number
+ after the "/" is the total number of callbacks, lazy or not.
+ These counters count callbacks regardless of what phase of
+ grace-period processing that they are in (new, waiting for
+ grace period to start, waiting for grace period to end, ready
+ to invoke).
+
+o "qs" gives an indication of the state of the callback queue
+ with four characters:
+
+ "N" Indicates that there are callbacks queued that are not
+ ready to be handled by the next grace period, and thus
+ will be handled by the grace period following the next
+ one.
+
+ "R" Indicates that there are callbacks queued that are
+ ready to be handled by the next grace period.
+
+ "W" Indicates that there are callbacks queued that are
+ waiting on the current grace period.
+
+ "D" Indicates that there are callbacks queued that have
+ already been handled by a prior grace period, and are
+ thus waiting to be invoked. Note that callbacks in
+ the process of being invoked are not counted here.
+ Callbacks in the process of being invoked are those
+ that have been removed from the rcu_data structures
+ queues by rcu_do_batch(), but which have not yet been
+ invoked.
+
+ If there are no callbacks in a given one of the above states,
+ the corresponding character is replaced by ".".
+
+o "b" is the batch limit for this CPU. If more than this number
+ of RCU callbacks is ready to invoke, then the remainder will
+ be deferred.
+
+o "ci" is the number of RCU callbacks that have been invoked for
+ this CPU. Note that ci+nci+ql is the number of callbacks that have
+ been registered in absence of CPU-hotplug activity.
+
+o "nci" is the number of RCU callbacks that have been offloaded from
+ this CPU. This will always be zero unless the kernel was built
+ with CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=y and the "rcu_nocbs=" kernel boot
+ parameter was specified.
+
+o "co" is the number of RCU callbacks that have been orphaned due to
+ this CPU going offline. These orphaned callbacks have been moved
+ to an arbitrarily chosen online CPU.
+
+o "ca" is the number of RCU callbacks that have been adopted by this
+ CPU due to other CPUs going offline. Note that ci+co-ca+ql is
+ the number of RCU callbacks registered on this CPU.
+
+
+Kernels compiled with CONFIG_RCU_BOOST=y display the following from
+/debug/rcu/rcu_preempt/rcudata:
+
+ 0!c=12865 g=12866 cnq=1/0:1 dt=83113/140000000000000/0 df=288 of=11 ql=0/0 qs=N... kt=0/O ktl=944 b=10 ci=60709 nci=0 co=748 ca=871
+ 1 c=14407 g=14408 cnq=1/0:0 dt=100679/140000000000000/0 df=378 of=7 ql=0/119 qs=NRW. kt=0/W ktl=9b6 b=10 ci=109740 nci=0 co=589 ca=485
+ 2 c=14407 g=14408 cnq=1/0:0 dt=105486/0/0 df=90 of=9 ql=0/89 qs=NRW. kt=0/W ktl=c0c b=10 ci=83113 nci=0 co=533 ca=490
+ 3 c=14407 g=14408 cnq=1/0:0 dt=107138/0/0 df=142 of=8 ql=0/188 qs=NRW. kt=0/W ktl=b96 b=10 ci=121114 nci=0 co=426 ca=290
+ 4 c=14405 g=14406 cnq=1/0:1 dt=50238/0/0 df=706 of=7 ql=0/0 qs=.... kt=0/W ktl=812 b=10 ci=34929 nci=0 co=643 ca=114
+ 5!c=14168 g=14169 cnq=1/0:0 dt=45465/140000000000000/0 df=161 of=11 ql=0/0 qs=N... kt=0/O ktl=b4d b=10 ci=47712 nci=0 co=677 ca=722
+ 6 c=14404 g=14405 cnq=1/0:0 dt=59454/0/0 df=94 of=6 ql=0/0 qs=.... kt=0/W ktl=e57 b=10 ci=55597 nci=0 co=701 ca=811
+ 7 c=14407 g=14408 cnq=1/0:1 dt=68850/0/0 df=31 of=8 ql=0/0 qs=.... kt=0/W ktl=14bd b=10 ci=77475 nci=0 co=508 ca=1042
+
+This is similar to the output discussed above, but contains the following
+additional fields:
+
+o "kt" is the per-CPU kernel-thread state. The digit preceding
+ the first slash is zero if there is no work pending and 1
+ otherwise. The character between the first pair of slashes is
+ as follows:
+
+ "S" The kernel thread is stopped, in other words, all
+ CPUs corresponding to this rcu_node structure are
+ offline.
+
+ "R" The kernel thread is running.
+
+ "W" The kernel thread is waiting because there is no work
+ for it to do.
+
+ "O" The kernel thread is waiting because it has been
+ forced off of its designated CPU or because its
+ ->cpus_allowed mask permits it to run on other than
+ its designated CPU.
+
+ "Y" The kernel thread is yielding to avoid hogging CPU.
+
+ "?" Unknown value, indicates a bug.
+
+ The number after the final slash is the CPU that the kthread
+ is actually running on.
+
+ This field is displayed only for CONFIG_RCU_BOOST kernels.
+
+o "ktl" is the low-order 16 bits (in hexadecimal) of the count of
+ the number of times that this CPU's per-CPU kthread has gone
+ through its loop servicing invoke_rcu_cpu_kthread() requests.
+
+ This field is displayed only for CONFIG_RCU_BOOST kernels.
+
+
+The output of "cat rcu/rcu_preempt/rcuexp" looks as follows:
+
+s=21872 wd0=0 wd1=0 wd2=0 wd3=5 n=0 enq=0 sc=21872
+
+These fields are as follows:
+
+o "s" is the sequence number, with an odd number indicating that
+ an expedited grace period is in progress.
+
+o "wd0", "wd1", "wd2", and "wd3" are the number of times that an
+ attempt to start an expedited grace period found that someone
+ else had completed an expedited grace period that satisfies the
+ attempted request. "Our work is done."
+
+o "n" is number of times that a concurrent CPU-hotplug operation
+ forced a fallback to a normal grace period.
+
+o "enq" is the number of quiescent states still outstanding.
+
+o "sc" is the number of times that the attempt to start a
+ new expedited grace period succeeded.
+
+
+The output of "cat rcu/rcu_preempt/rcugp" looks as follows:
+
+completed=31249 gpnum=31250 age=1 max=18
+
+These fields are taken from the rcu_state structure, and are as follows:
+
+o "completed" is the number of grace periods that have completed.
+ It is comparable to the "c" field from rcu/rcudata in that a
+ CPU whose "c" field matches the value of "completed" is aware
+ that the corresponding RCU grace period has completed.
+
+o "gpnum" is the number of grace periods that have started. It is
+ similarly comparable to the "g" field from rcu/rcudata in that
+ a CPU whose "g" field matches the value of "gpnum" is aware that
+ the corresponding RCU grace period has started.
+
+ If these two fields are equal, then there is no grace period
+ in progress, in other words, RCU is idle. On the other hand,
+ if the two fields differ (as they are above), then an RCU grace
+ period is in progress.
+
+o "age" is the number of jiffies that the current grace period
+ has extended for, or zero if there is no grace period currently
+ in effect.
+
+o "max" is the age in jiffies of the longest-duration grace period
+ thus far.
+
+The output of "cat rcu/rcu_preempt/rcuhier" looks as follows:
+
+c=14407 g=14408 s=0 jfq=2 j=c863 nfqs=12040/nfqsng=0(12040) fqlh=1051 oqlen=0/0
+3/3 ..>. 0:7 ^0
+e/e ..>. 0:3 ^0 d/d ..>. 4:7 ^1
+
+The fields are as follows:
+
+o "c" is exactly the same as "completed" under rcu/rcu_preempt/rcugp.
+
+o "g" is exactly the same as "gpnum" under rcu/rcu_preempt/rcugp.
+
+o "s" is the current state of the force_quiescent_state()
+ state machine.
+
+o "jfq" is the number of jiffies remaining for this grace period
+ before force_quiescent_state() is invoked to help push things
+ along. Note that CPUs in idle mode throughout the grace period
+ will not report on their own, but rather must be check by some
+ other CPU via force_quiescent_state().
+
+o "j" is the low-order four hex digits of the jiffies counter.
+ Yes, Paul did run into a number of problems that turned out to
+ be due to the jiffies counter no longer counting. Why do you ask?
+
+o "nfqs" is the number of calls to force_quiescent_state() since
+ boot.
+
+o "nfqsng" is the number of useless calls to force_quiescent_state(),
+ where there wasn't actually a grace period active. This can
+ no longer happen due to grace-period processing being pushed
+ into a kthread. The number in parentheses is the difference
+ between "nfqs" and "nfqsng", or the number of times that
+ force_quiescent_state() actually did some real work.
+
+o "fqlh" is the number of calls to force_quiescent_state() that
+ exited immediately (without even being counted in nfqs above)
+ due to contention on ->fqslock.
+
+o Each element of the form "3/3 ..>. 0:7 ^0" represents one rcu_node
+ structure. Each line represents one level of the hierarchy,
+ from root to leaves. It is best to think of the rcu_data
+ structures as forming yet another level after the leaves.
+ Note that there might be either one, two, three, or even four
+ levels of rcu_node structures, depending on the relationship
+ between CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT, CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF (possibly
+ adjusted using the rcu_fanout_leaf kernel boot parameter), and
+ CONFIG_NR_CPUS (possibly adjusted using the nr_cpu_ids count of
+ possible CPUs for the booting hardware).
+
+ o The numbers separated by the "/" are the qsmask followed
+ by the qsmaskinit. The qsmask will have one bit
+ set for each entity in the next lower level that has
+ not yet checked in for the current grace period ("e"
+ indicating CPUs 5, 6, and 7 in the example above).
+ The qsmaskinit will have one bit for each entity that is
+ currently expected to check in during each grace period.
+ The value of qsmaskinit is assigned to that of qsmask
+ at the beginning of each grace period.
+
+ o The characters separated by the ">" indicate the state
+ of the blocked-tasks lists. A "G" preceding the ">"
+ indicates that at least one task blocked in an RCU
+ read-side critical section blocks the current grace
+ period, while a "E" preceding the ">" indicates that
+ at least one task blocked in an RCU read-side critical
+ section blocks the current expedited grace period.
+ A "T" character following the ">" indicates that at
+ least one task is blocked within an RCU read-side
+ critical section, regardless of whether any current
+ grace period (expedited or normal) is inconvenienced.
+ A "." character appears if the corresponding condition
+ does not hold, so that "..>." indicates that no tasks
+ are blocked. In contrast, "GE>T" indicates maximal
+ inconvenience from blocked tasks. CONFIG_TREE_RCU
+ builds of the kernel will always show "..>.".
+
+ o The numbers separated by the ":" are the range of CPUs
+ served by this struct rcu_node. This can be helpful
+ in working out how the hierarchy is wired together.
+
+ For example, the example rcu_node structure shown above
+ has "0:7", indicating that it covers CPUs 0 through 7.
+
+ o The number after the "^" indicates the bit in the
+ next higher level rcu_node structure that this rcu_node
+ structure corresponds to. For example, the "d/d ..>. 4:7
+ ^1" has a "1" in this position, indicating that it
+ corresponds to the "1" bit in the "3" shown in the
+ "3/3 ..>. 0:7 ^0" entry on the next level up.
+
+
+The output of "cat rcu/rcu_sched/rcu_pending" looks as follows:
+
+ 0!np=26111 qsp=29 rpq=5386 cbr=1 cng=570 gpc=3674 gps=577 nn=15903 ndw=0
+ 1!np=28913 qsp=35 rpq=6097 cbr=1 cng=448 gpc=3700 gps=554 nn=18113 ndw=0
+ 2!np=32740 qsp=37 rpq=6202 cbr=0 cng=476 gpc=4627 gps=546 nn=20889 ndw=0
+ 3 np=23679 qsp=22 rpq=5044 cbr=1 cng=415 gpc=3403 gps=347 nn=14469 ndw=0
+ 4!np=30714 qsp=4 rpq=5574 cbr=0 cng=528 gpc=3931 gps=639 nn=20042 ndw=0
+ 5 np=28910 qsp=2 rpq=5246 cbr=0 cng=428 gpc=4105 gps=709 nn=18422 ndw=0
+ 6!np=38648 qsp=5 rpq=7076 cbr=0 cng=840 gpc=4072 gps=961 nn=25699 ndw=0
+ 7 np=37275 qsp=2 rpq=6873 cbr=0 cng=868 gpc=3416 gps=971 nn=25147 ndw=0
+
+The fields are as follows:
+
+o The leading number is the CPU number, with "!" indicating
+ an offline CPU.
+
+o "np" is the number of times that __rcu_pending() has been invoked
+ for the corresponding flavor of RCU.
+
+o "qsp" is the number of times that the RCU was waiting for a
+ quiescent state from this CPU.
+
+o "rpq" is the number of times that the CPU had passed through
+ a quiescent state, but not yet reported it to RCU.
+
+o "cbr" is the number of times that this CPU had RCU callbacks
+ that had passed through a grace period, and were thus ready
+ to be invoked.
+
+o "cng" is the number of times that this CPU needed another
+ grace period while RCU was idle.
+
+o "gpc" is the number of times that an old grace period had
+ completed, but this CPU was not yet aware of it.
+
+o "gps" is the number of times that a new grace period had started,
+ but this CPU was not yet aware of it.
+
+o "ndw" is the number of times that a wakeup of an rcuo
+ callback-offload kthread had to be deferred in order to avoid
+ deadlock.
+
+o "nn" is the number of times that this CPU needed nothing.
+
+
+The output of "cat rcu/rcuboost" looks as follows:
+
+0:3 tasks=.... kt=W ntb=0 neb=0 nnb=0 j=c864 bt=c894
+ balk: nt=0 egt=4695 bt=0 nb=0 ny=56 nos=0
+4:7 tasks=.... kt=W ntb=0 neb=0 nnb=0 j=c864 bt=c894
+ balk: nt=0 egt=6541 bt=0 nb=0 ny=126 nos=0
+
+This information is output only for rcu_preempt. Each two-line entry
+corresponds to a leaf rcu_node structure. The fields are as follows:
+
+o "n:m" is the CPU-number range for the corresponding two-line
+ entry. In the sample output above, the first entry covers
+ CPUs zero through three and the second entry covers CPUs four
+ through seven.
+
+o "tasks=TNEB" gives the state of the various segments of the
+ rnp->blocked_tasks list:
+
+ "T" This indicates that there are some tasks that blocked
+ while running on one of the corresponding CPUs while
+ in an RCU read-side critical section.
+
+ "N" This indicates that some of the blocked tasks are preventing
+ the current normal (non-expedited) grace period from
+ completing.
+
+ "E" This indicates that some of the blocked tasks are preventing
+ the current expedited grace period from completing.
+
+ "B" This indicates that some of the blocked tasks are in
+ need of RCU priority boosting.
+
+ Each character is replaced with "." if the corresponding
+ condition does not hold.
+
+o "kt" is the state of the RCU priority-boosting kernel
+ thread associated with the corresponding rcu_node structure.
+ The state can be one of the following:
+
+ "S" The kernel thread is stopped, in other words, all
+ CPUs corresponding to this rcu_node structure are
+ offline.
+
+ "R" The kernel thread is running.
+
+ "W" The kernel thread is waiting because there is no work
+ for it to do.
+
+ "Y" The kernel thread is yielding to avoid hogging CPU.
+
+ "?" Unknown value, indicates a bug.
+
+o "ntb" is the number of tasks boosted.
+
+o "neb" is the number of tasks boosted in order to complete an
+ expedited grace period.
+
+o "nnb" is the number of tasks boosted in order to complete a
+ normal (non-expedited) grace period. When boosting a task
+ that was blocking both an expedited and a normal grace period,
+ it is counted against the expedited total above.
+
+o "j" is the low-order 16 bits of the jiffies counter in
+ hexadecimal.
+
+o "bt" is the low-order 16 bits of the value that the jiffies
+ counter will have when we next start boosting, assuming that
+ the current grace period does not end beforehand. This is
+ also in hexadecimal.
+
+o "balk: nt" counts the number of times we didn't boost (in
+ other words, we balked) even though it was time to boost because
+ there were no blocked tasks to boost. This situation occurs
+ when there is one blocked task on one rcu_node structure and
+ none on some other rcu_node structure.
+
+o "egt" counts the number of times we balked because although
+ there were blocked tasks, none of them were blocking the
+ current grace period, whether expedited or otherwise.
+
+o "bt" counts the number of times we balked because boosting
+ had already been initiated for the current grace period.
+
+o "nb" counts the number of times we balked because there
+ was at least one task blocking the current non-expedited grace
+ period that never had blocked. If it is already running, it
+ just won't help to boost its priority!
+
+o "ny" counts the number of times we balked because it was
+ not yet time to start boosting.
+
+o "nos" counts the number of times we balked for other
+ reasons, e.g., the grace period ended first.
+
+
+CONFIG_TINY_RCU debugfs Files and Formats
+
+These implementations of RCU provides a single debugfs file under the
+top-level directory RCU, namely rcu/rcudata, which displays fields in
+rcu_bh_ctrlblk and rcu_sched_ctrlblk.
+
+The output of "cat rcu/rcudata" is as follows:
+
+rcu_sched: qlen: 0
+rcu_bh: qlen: 0
+
+This is split into rcu_sched and rcu_bh sections. The field is as
+follows:
+
+o "qlen" is the number of RCU callbacks currently waiting either
+ for an RCU grace period or waiting to be invoked. This is the
+ only field present for rcu_sched and rcu_bh, due to the
+ short-circuiting of grace period in those two cases.