coreutils/printf.c

/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
/* printf - format and print data
   Copyright (C) 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
   Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */

/* Usage: printf format [argument...]

   A front end to the printf function that lets it be used from the shell.

   Backslash escapes:

   \" = double quote
   \\ = backslash
   \a = alert (bell)
   \b = backspace
   \c = produce no further output
   \f = form feed
   \n = new line
   \r = carriage return
   \t = horizontal tab
   \v = vertical tab
   \0ooo = octal number (ooo is 0 to 3 digits)
   \xhhh = hexadecimal number (hhh is 1 to 3 digits)

   Additional directive:

   %b = print an argument string, interpreting backslash escapes

   The `format' argument is re-used as many times as necessary
   to convert all of the given arguments.

   David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */


//   19990508 Busy Boxed! Dave Cinege

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "busybox.h"


#ifndef S_IFMT
static const int S_IFMT = 0170000;
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISBLK) && defined(S_IFBLK)
# define	S_ISBLK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFBLK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISCHR) && defined(S_IFCHR)
# define	S_ISCHR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFCHR)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISDIR) && defined(S_IFDIR)
# define	S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISREG) && defined(S_IFREG)
# define	S_ISREG(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISFIFO) && defined(S_IFIFO)
# define	S_ISFIFO(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFIFO)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISLNK) && defined(S_IFLNK)
# define	S_ISLNK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISSOCK) && defined(S_IFSOCK)
# define	S_ISSOCK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFSOCK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISMPB) && defined(S_IFMPB)	/* V7 */
# define S_ISMPB(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFMPB)
# define S_ISMPC(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFMPC)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISNWK) && defined(S_IFNWK)	/* HP/UX */
# define S_ISNWK(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFNWK)
#endif

#define IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN(c) 1

#define ISXDIGIT(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isxdigit (c))
#define ISDIGIT_LOCALE(c) (IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN (c) && isdigit (c))
#define ISDIGIT(c) (((unsigned char) (c)) - '0' <= 9)

#define isodigit(c) ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '7')
#define hextobin(c) ((c)>='a'&&(c)<='f' ? (c)-'a'+10 : (c)>='A'&&(c)<='F' ? (c)-'A'+10 : (c)-'0')
#define octtobin(c) ((c) - '0')

static double xstrtod __P((char *s));
static int print_esc __P((char *escstart));
static int print_formatted __P((char *format, int argc, char **argv));
static long xstrtol __P((char *s));
static unsigned long xstrtoul __P((char *s));
static void print_direc __P( (char *start, size_t length, 
			int field_width, int precision, char *argument));
static void print_esc_char __P((int c));
static void print_esc_string __P((char *str));

/* The value to return to the calling program.  */
static int exit_status;

int printf_main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char *format;
	int args_used;

	exit_status = 0;
	if (argc <= 1 || **(argv + 1) == '-') {
		bb_show_usage();
	}

	format = argv[1];
	argc -= 2;
	argv += 2;

	do {
		args_used = print_formatted(format, argc, argv);
		argc -= args_used;
		argv += args_used;
	}
	while (args_used > 0 && argc > 0);

/*
  if (argc > 0)
    fprintf(stderr, "excess args ignored");
*/

	return(exit_status);
}

/* Print the text in FORMAT, using ARGV (with ARGC elements) for
   arguments to any `%' directives.
   Return the number of elements of ARGV used.  */

static int print_formatted(char *format, int argc, char **argv)
{
	int save_argc = argc;		/* Preserve original value.  */
	char *f;					/* Pointer into `format'.  */
	char *direc_start;			/* Start of % directive.  */
	size_t direc_length;		/* Length of % directive.  */
	int field_width;			/* Arg to first '*', or -1 if none.  */
	int precision;				/* Arg to second '*', or -1 if none.  */

	for (f = format; *f; ++f) {
		switch (*f) {
		case '%':
			direc_start = f++;
			direc_length = 1;
			field_width = precision = -1;
			if (*f == '%') {
				putchar('%');
				break;
			}
			if (*f == 'b') {
				if (argc > 0) {
					print_esc_string(*argv);
					++argv;
					--argc;
				}
				break;
			}
			if (strchr("-+ #", *f)) {
				++f;
				++direc_length;
			}
			if (*f == '*') {
				++f;
				++direc_length;
				if (argc > 0) {
					field_width = xstrtoul(*argv);
					++argv;
					--argc;
				} else
					field_width = 0;
			} else
				while (ISDIGIT(*f)) {
					++f;
					++direc_length;
				}
			if (*f == '.') {
				++f;
				++direc_length;
				if (*f == '*') {
					++f;
					++direc_length;
					if (argc > 0) {
						precision = xstrtoul(*argv);
						++argv;
						--argc;
					} else
						precision = 0;
				} else
					while (ISDIGIT(*f)) {
						++f;
						++direc_length;
					}
			}
			if (*f == 'l' || *f == 'L' || *f == 'h') {
				++f;
				++direc_length;
			}
			/*  
			   if (!strchr ("diouxXfeEgGcs", *f))
			   fprintf(stderr, "%%%c: invalid directive", *f);
			 */
			++direc_length;
			if (argc > 0) {
				print_direc(direc_start, direc_length, field_width,
							precision, *argv);
				++argv;
				--argc;
			} else
				print_direc(direc_start, direc_length, field_width,
							precision, "");
			break;

		case '\\':
			f += print_esc(f);
			break;

		default:
			putchar(*f);
		}
	}

	return save_argc - argc;
}

/* Print a \ escape sequence starting at ESCSTART.
   Return the number of characters in the escape sequence
   besides the backslash. */

static int print_esc(char *escstart)
{
	register char *p = escstart + 1;
	int esc_value = 0;			/* Value of \nnn escape. */
	int esc_length;				/* Length of \nnn escape. */

	/* \0ooo and \xhhh escapes have maximum length of 3 chars. */
	if (*p == 'x') {
		for (esc_length = 0, ++p;
			 esc_length < 3 && ISXDIGIT(*p); ++esc_length, ++p)
			esc_value = esc_value * 16 + hextobin(*p);
/*      if (esc_length == 0)
	fprintf(stderr, "missing hex in esc");
*/
		putchar(esc_value);
	} else if (*p == '0') {
		for (esc_length = 0, ++p;
			 esc_length < 3 && isodigit(*p); ++esc_length, ++p)
			esc_value = esc_value * 8 + octtobin(*p);
		putchar(esc_value);
	} else if (strchr("\"\\abcfnrtv", *p))
		print_esc_char(*p++);
/*  else
    fprintf(stderr, "\\%c: invalid esc", *p);
*/
	return p - escstart - 1;
}

/* Output a single-character \ escape.  */

static void print_esc_char(int c)
{
	switch (c) {
	case 'a':					/* Alert. */
		putchar(7);
		break;
	case 'b':					/* Backspace. */
		putchar(8);
		break;
	case 'c':					/* Cancel the rest of the output. */
		exit(0);
		break;
	case 'f':					/* Form feed. */
		putchar(12);
		break;
	case 'n':					/* New line. */
		putchar(10);
		break;
	case 'r':					/* Carriage return. */
		putchar(13);
		break;
	case 't':					/* Horizontal tab. */
		putchar(9);
		break;
	case 'v':					/* Vertical tab. */
		putchar(11);
		break;
	default:
		putchar(c);
		break;
	}
}

/* Print string STR, evaluating \ escapes. */

static void print_esc_string(char *str)
{
	for (; *str; str++)
		if (*str == '\\')
			str += print_esc(str);
		else
			putchar(*str);
}

static void
print_direc(char *start, size_t length, int field_width, int precision,
			char *argument)
{
	char *p;					/* Null-terminated copy of % directive. */

	p = xmalloc((unsigned) (length + 1));
	strncpy(p, start, length);
	p[length] = 0;

	switch (p[length - 1]) {
	case 'd':
	case 'i':
		if (field_width < 0) {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, xstrtol(argument));
			else
				printf(p, precision, xstrtol(argument));
		} else {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, field_width, xstrtol(argument));
			else
				printf(p, field_width, precision, xstrtol(argument));
		}
		break;

	case 'o':
	case 'u':
	case 'x':
	case 'X':
		if (field_width < 0) {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, xstrtoul(argument));
			else
				printf(p, precision, xstrtoul(argument));
		} else {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, field_width, xstrtoul(argument));
			else
				printf(p, field_width, precision, xstrtoul(argument));
		}
		break;

	case 'f':
	case 'e':
	case 'E':
	case 'g':
	case 'G':
		if (field_width < 0) {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, xstrtod(argument));
			else
				printf(p, precision, xstrtod(argument));
		} else {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, field_width, xstrtod(argument));
			else
				printf(p, field_width, precision, xstrtod(argument));
		}
		break;

	case 'c':
		printf(p, *argument);
		break;

	case 's':
		if (field_width < 0) {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, argument);
			else
				printf(p, precision, argument);
		} else {
			if (precision < 0)
				printf(p, field_width, argument);
			else
				printf(p, field_width, precision, argument);
		}
		break;
	}

	free(p);
}

static unsigned long xstrtoul(char *arg)
{
	unsigned long result;
	char *endptr;
	//int errno_save = errno;

	assert(arg!=NULL);

	errno = 0;
	result = strtoul(arg, &endptr, 0);
	if (errno != 0 || *endptr!='\0' || endptr==arg)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s", arg);
	//errno = errno_save;
	return result;
}

static long xstrtol(char *arg)
{
	long result;
	char *endptr;
	//int errno_save = errno;

	assert(arg!=NULL);

	errno = 0;
	result = strtoul(arg, &endptr, 0);
	if (errno != 0 || *endptr!='\0' || endptr==arg)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s", arg);
	//errno = errno_save;
	return result;
}

static double xstrtod(char *arg)
{
	double result;
	char *endptr;
	//int errno_save = errno;

	assert(arg!=NULL);

	errno = 0;
	result = strtod(arg, &endptr);
	if (errno != 0 || *endptr!='\0' || endptr==arg)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s", arg);
	//errno = errno_save;
	return result;
}